Wool: Properties, Care & Sewing Tips | Fabric Guide

Wool is a natural animal fiber obtained mainly from sheep's fleece. It consists of the protein keratin and has a unique scale-like surface structure responsible for its special properties. Wool can absorb up to 30% of its own weight in moisture without feeling wet and regulates body temperature in both cold and warm conditions.

Properties of Wool

Thermoregulating: Warms in cold and cools in heat through natural climate control
Moisture regulating: Absorbs up to 30% moisture without appearing wet
Self-cleaning: Odors are neutralized by airing out
Wrinkle resistant and elastic: Returns to original shape after stretching
Naturally flame retardant and dirt repellent due to lanolin

Uses for Wool

Sweaters, cardigans and knitted jackets for autumn and winter

Coats and blazers made of fine wool fabric

Suits and costumes for business and formal occasions

Scarves, hats and gloves as warming accessories

Blankets and plaids for cozy living spaces

Care Instructions

1 Air out regularly instead of washing frequently - wool cleans itself

2 Hand wash with lukewarm water and special wool detergent at max 30 degrees

3 Never wring or rub - gently press out and dry flat

4 Protect from moths: Store clean with lavender or cedar wood

Sewing Tips for Wool

Choose the right needle and thread: Use a Microtex or universal needle in size 70-90 depending on fabric thickness. Choose high-quality polyester thread that is elastic enough to work with the fabric.

Steam wool before cutting: Steam the wool fabric with a steam iron before cutting to prevent later shrinkage. Let the fabric dry completely before cutting.

Finish seams carefully: Finish all seams with an overlock or zigzag stitch as wool fabrics tend to fray. For fine wool fabrics, French seams are also suitable for a clean finish.

Frequently Asked Questions about Wool

How do I recognize good wool quality?

High-quality wool feels soft and supple, not scratchy. Pay attention to the fineness (micron count), the lower the finer. Merino wool under 20 microns is considered particularly fine. Quality wool recovers quickly when compressed.

Can wool be worn with sensitive skin?

Yes, with the right type of wool! Merino wool and alpaca are particularly soft and skin-friendly. For sensitivity, wearing a thin cotton undershirt or a wool lining made of jersey is also recommended.

Why does wool shrink when washed?

The scale-like surface of wool fibers interlocks with heat, moisture and mechanical movement - this is the felting process. Therefore: Never wash hot, do not rub and use wool program or hand wash.

Related Fabrics

Boiled Wool Alpaca

Wool at Stoffmarkt

The next fabric market is in Leverkusen on August 15, 2026.

Visit one of our fabric markets and discover a wide selection of quality fabrics at great prices.

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